Contents page of the issue September 2007



EQUINE
Cs. Jakab, S. Izing, S. Veres, B. Talpag, J. Molnár, O. Kutasi: Occurrence and histopathology of neoplastic and non-neoplastic skin changes in horses. Part 1. Sarcoid / 515

BOVINE
M. Keresztes, V. Faigl, A. Márton, Z. Ihnáth, M. Kulcsár, M. Mézes, F. Husvéth, Gy. Huszenicza: Effect of by-pass fat supplementation of the feedstuffs on the reproduction in ruminants. Literature review. Part 1 / 525

PORCINE
H. Fébel, Iné Hermán, Zs. Kókai, I. Salamon, T. Mátrai: Protective effect of high dose calcium-acetate in weaned pig population suffering from coli-diarrhoea. Preliminary communication / 531

POULTRY
É. Ivanics, R. Glávits, Á. Bálint, V. Palya, L. Márton, Á. Dán, K. Ursu, L. Szeredi, D. Rigó, N. Pálmai, L. Tekes, M. Dobos-Kovács, Z. Kovács: Kidney damage and gout in large number in mulard duck flock infected by H5N1 subtype avian influenza virus / 535

SMALL ANIMALS
I. Zenker, J. Hirschberger: Malignant lymphoma of dogs – review and newer therapeutic opportunities / 542
S. Deppenmeier, A. Schieszler, I. Nolte, M. Moser, M. Hewicker-Trautwein: Pulmonary tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in golden retriever / 549

FOOD-HYGIENE
V. Ducková, M. Čanigová, M. Kročko: Effect of lactic acid and sodium-lactate on microbiological quality of beef / 553

VETERINARY HISTORY
Román Brunkala was born 200 years ago (I. Kótai) / 558

LETTER TO THE EDITOR
Occurence of Ascaris in a hen’s egg (T. Kégl) / 560

JÁNOS SELYE WAS BORN 100 YEARS AGO
L. Bertók: Thoughts about János Selye and the stress / 561
F. Kovács, P. Rafai: Reflection of stress theory in the animal health research / 565

EVENTS
Szent-Iványi–Binder days (Visegrád, 30 May to 2 June 2007) (S. Tuboly) / 564
Heroes’ day (Budapest, 25th May, 2007) (L. Fodor) / 575

BOOK REVIEW
P. Pibot, V. Biourge, D. Elliott: Die Enzyklopädie der Diätetic des Hundes (Encyclopaedia of the diet of dogs) (J. Kováts) / 548

IN MEMORIAM
László Kállai (1927–2007) (L. Bertók) / 534

Cs. Jakab – S. Izing – S. Veres – B. Talpag – J. Molnár – O. Kutasi:
OCCURRENCE AND HISTOPATHOLOGY OF NEOPLASTIC AND NON-NEOPLASTIC SKIN CHANGES IN HORSES. PART 1. SARCOID

In this study, the authors have analyzed equine skin samples received at the Department of Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine of the Faculty of Veterinary Science Szent István University, between 2000 and April 2007, from the aspect of breed, gender, age and anatomical region. During the histopathological examination the 85 samples were divided into two groups: skin tumours 62 (72.94%) and tumour-like lesions 23 (27.06%). The most frequently diagnosed tumour proved to be equine sarcoid (43.55%), followed in order by papilloma (17.74%), melanoma (16.13%), dermatofibroma (11.30%), squamosus cell carcinoma (4.83%) and cutan hemangioma (3.23%). The most frequently diagnosed tumour-like lesion proved to be perivascular dermatitis (50%), followed in order by eosinophilic dermatitis (50%) and bothryomycosis (20%). The authors compare the results of the study with the statistical results of the foreign studies. The authors detail the frequency of the sarcoid, its macro- and microscopical morphology, clinical characteristics, as well as the existing therapeutic methods.

M. Keresztes – V. Faigl – A. Márton – Z. Ihnáth – M. Kulcsár – M. Mézes – F. Husvéth – Gy. Huszenicza:
EFFECT OF BY-PASS FAT SUPPLEMENTATION OF THE FEEDSTUFFS ON REPRODUCTION IN RUMINANTS. LITERATURE REVIEW. PART 1

The feeding of ruminants on rumen-protected fats increases the energy concentration of the diet, influences the fatty acid profile of the meat and milk, and the milk production is constantly augmented. This technology is frequently used in dairy cattle industry. The fat supplementation – if it is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) – has a great impact on metabolism, reproductive tract and fertility of the animals. In the first part of these series the authors, beside presenting some of the unique aspect of fat digestion in ruminants, discuss the effect of fat supplementation on ovarian function, fertility and pregnancy.

H. Fébel – Iné Hermán – Zs. Kókai – I. Salamon – T. Mátrai:
THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF HIGH DOSE CALCIUM ACETATE IN WEANED PIG POPULATION SUFFERING FROM COLIDIARRHOEA. PRELIMINARY COMMUNICATION

In a rearing trial with 96 weaned piglets, 4 treatments in diet were applied, 24 animals per each. The diet of Group 1. was supplemented with 2.82% calcium acetate, of Group 2. with 1.78% calcium citrate, of Group 3. with 0.02% doxycycline, respectively. The diet of Group 4. did not contain any organic acid or antibiotic additive. On the 4th day of the trial severe diarrhea appeared, the piglets looked ill, and some of them died, coli-diarrhoe was proved. During the rearing periods of different length, in the doxycycline supplemented group 4 piglets, in the case of calcium citrate supplementation 5 piglets, in non-supplemented group (negative control) 6 piglets died. No deaths occurred in group fed on calcium acetate diet during any period of the trial. No significant differences could be found between avarage daily gains in the groups, based on the individual weighing data on the 19th day of the trial. According to the data, 2.8% calcium acetate in the diet can be fed to weaned piglets without any depressive effect for a longer period and high doses of calcium acetate can provide protection against damages of coli diarrhoea. In the trial such a beneficial effect with doxycycline supplementation could not be achieved.

I. Ivanics – R. Glávits – Á. Bálint – V. Palya – L. Márton – Á. Dán – K. Ursu – L. Szeredi – D. Rigó – N. Pálmai – L. Tekes – M. Dobos-Kovács – Z. Kovács:
KIDNEY DAMAGE AND GOUT IN LARGE NUMBER IN A MULARD DUCK FLOCK INFECTED BY H5N1 SUBTYPE AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUS

During post mortem and histo-pathological examination in a flock infected by highly pathogenic (H5N1 subtype) avian influenza virus strain in 2006, in most of the cases, lesions typical to highly pathogenic avian influenza virus were detected. However in an 11-weeks-old Mulard duck flock of 10 000 animals kidney damage (acute tubulonephrosis) and gout were observed consistently. In the diseased animals neurological signs (deviation of the head and neck, head tremor, ataxia, paralysis) and lymphocytic encephalitis were detected. There were no changes in the pancreas and respiratory system. The examined characteristics and partial sequence data of the H5N1 virus strain isolated from the case were not different from the other H5N1 isolates found at the same time.
By immunohistochemical method the virus antigen was detected only from some animals and mainly in small quantity in the spleen, lung, trachea and brain.
Keeping conditions and quality of feeding-stuff have not explained the development of kidney damage and gout. In the other mulard ducks kept elsewhere and diseased and died of H5N1 virus infection no kidney damage and gout accompanied the typical lesions characteristic to the acute form of avian influenza.
In the birds died in the examined flock polyomavirus infection was excluded by PCR method.

V. Ducková – M. Čanigová – M. Kročko:
THE EFFECT OF LACTIC ACID AND SODIUM LACTATE ON MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF BEEF

The effects of solution of 2% lactic acid and 5% sodium lactate applied 24 hours after slaughter on beef on specific bacterial groups after meat ripening and during its storage at temperature 4–6 °C were investigated.
The average value of total bacterial count determined on the surface of musculus longissimus dorsi 24 hours after slaughter was 2.59 log cfu.cm–2. The average count of enterococci reached the value 1.07 log cfu.cm–2 and the average count of psychrotrophic microorganisms was 2.26 log cfu.cm–2. After 7 days of meat ripening and its storage at 4–6 °C, psychrotrophic microorganisms became the dominant group of the microflora with an average value 4.59 log cfu.cm–2. The total bacterial count reached 4.52 log cfu.cm–2. After 7 days of meat storage under refrigeration, the primary count of enterococci decreased and reached the value 0.66 log cfu.cm–2. The treatment of beef with solution of 2% lactic acid resulted in the reduction of total bacterial count by 1.25 log cycles after 7 days of meat ripening count of psychrotrophic microorganisms by 1.32 log cycles and count of enterococci by 0.16 log cycles in comparison with untreated beef samples. The application of solution of 5% sodium lactate was ineffective for reduction bacterial growth on beef surface under storage conditions.

F. Kovács – P. Rafai:
REFLECTION OF STRESS THEORY IN THE ANIMAL HEALTH RESEARCH

Commemorating the 100th anniversary of Prof. Selye János’ (Hans Selye) birthday the authors flush up their research that relates the general adaptation syndrome. Among others diurnal rhythm and the effect of the short and long lasting treatment with ACTH, the manifold effects of adverse environmental factors on the adrenocortical activity of growing pigs are summarised and illustrated with figures. Effect of the brain cortex and inherited characteristics on the general adaptation syndrome is also dealt with, and on this basis the modern concept of the stress is presented. Of the interrelationship between the cortisol output and certain immune parameters (count of different leucocytes, blastogenic response to non specific mitogens, phagocytic activity) the promptness of the responses is emphasised and documented. The authors prove that certain mycotoxins (e.g. T-2 toxin) may provoke the adrenocortical activity. From their stress related research conducted on animals species other than pig, here the effect of environmental temperature on the milk production of rabbit does and mortality of baby rabbits are quoted.