Contents
page of the issue April 2007
EQUINE
A. Nagy, S. J. Dyson: Role of
scintigraphy in diagnosing orthopaedic injuries in horses. Part 2 / 195
G. Piccione, C. Giannetto, A. Costa, F.
Fazio, G. Caola: Effects of high intensity exercise on serum
electrolytes and protein in Thoroughbred horses / 208
RUMINANTS
Cs. Csorba, L. Kocsis, T. Abonyi, L.
Bozzay, E. Tóth, L. Ózsvári: Practical
experiences of use of OrbeSeal® teat sealant in combination with
antibiotic dry cow therapy in a large-scale Holstein-Friesian
commercial dairy herd / 214
V. Faigl – M. Keresztes – A. Márton
– Z. Schneider – L. Korvin – S. Sándor –G. D. Novotniné –
M. Árnyasi – M. Kulcsár – A. Jávor – S. Cseh – Gy.
Huszenicza: Melatonin and photoperiodic treatments for the
induction of ovarian cyclicity in small ruminants: physiological
aspects and practice. A review / 219
PORCINE
K. Mester, T. Magyar: Atrophic
rhinitis – is eradication feasible? An overview on the disease and case
report / 231
SMALL
ANIMALS
S. Peters: Hyperkeratosis of dogs
sole – many causes exist / 239
PET
ANIMALS
J. Gál, G. Csécsei: Hypoplasy
of tail muscle fibers in a Madagascarian day gecko (Phelsuma
madagascariensis kochi). Case report / 245
PHARMACOLOGY
D. Szécsényi, P. Vajdovich,
T. Gaál: Role of pump proteins causing therapy resistance
in different diseases Literature review. Part 1 /
JUBILEE
Professor János
Tanyi is 70 years old (L. Visnyei)
/ 249
ACADEMIC
REPORTS, 2007
Veterinary research in 2006
in the light of academic reports. Part 1 / 251
IN
MEMORIAM
Miklós Altrichter
(1951–2006) (I. Bogár)
/ 218
István
Lázár (1931–2006) (I.
Majoros) / 230
A. Nagy – S. J. Dyson:
ROLE
OF SCINTIGRAPHY IN DIAGNOSING OTRHOPAEDIC INJURIES IN HORSES. PART 2
The principles of nuclear
medicine and image acquisition were reviewed in Part 1. In Part 2 the
phases of and indications for bone scintigraphy and principles of image
interpretation are discussed, followed by a summary of common normal
and abnormal findings in horses of different disciplines.
G. Piccione – C. Giannetto
– A. Costa – F. Fazio – G. Caola:
EFFECTS
OF HIGH INTENSITY EXERCISE ON SERUM ELECTROLYTES AND PROTEIN IN
THOROUGHBRED HORSES
This study investigated the
physiological responses of five clinically healthy and regularly
trained Thoroughbred horses to exercise in a 1800 meters course. Venous
blood samples were collected at rest, immediately after the race,
following 30 and 60 min resting. The effects of race on venous
acid-base balance, potassium, sodium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus,
magnesium, total protein, albumin, and α1-, α2-, β- and γ-globulins,
were investigated. Exercise had a significant effect on phosphorus,
potassium, magnesium, chloride, sodium, calcium, total protein,
albumin, α1- and α2-globulins levels. After the race a significant
increase was recorded in the concentrations of the above-mentioned
parameters. A significant linear correlation was found between values
of albumin and calcium. During maximal exercise loading, changes in
potassium, sodium and protein concentrations are due to acute shifts of
fluid from the extracellular to the intracellular space, and returned
to its basal values within 30 minutes after exercise. Changes of
chloride levels likely depend on shift phenomena between intra- and
extracellular compartment involving erythrocytes. During maximal
exercise adrenergic stimulation induces PTH secretion, that might have
influence on the changes of blood calcium, phosphorus and magnesium
concentrations.
Cs. Csorba – L. Kocsis – T.
Abonyi – L. Bozzay – E. Tóth – L. Ózsvári:
PRACTICAL
EXPERIENCES OF USE OF ORBESEAL® TEAT SEALANT IN COMBINATION WITH
ANTIBIOTIC DRY COW THERAPY IN A LARGE-SCALE HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN
COMMERCIAL DAIRY HERD
The authors compared the
effectiveness of an antibiotic dry cow therapy (ADCT) to a combination
of OrbeSeal® teat sealant and ADCT at dry off in the prevention of
clinical mastitis during the early lactation periods in 240 cows (n=960
udder quarters) of a Hungarian large-scale commercial dairy herd. As a
dry cow antibiotic, Albadry Plus® intramammary infusion was used in
both the control and the experimental group. In the control group 552
quarters (138 cows) were examined, and so were 408 quarters (108 cows)
in the group dried off with OrbeSeal® and Albadry Plus®. The
almost one-year-long experiment closing in October 2006 showed that the
ADCT with Orbeasel® had a significant effect on the incidence of
clinical mastitis in 1–8 days-in-milk (DIM) (67% decrease; tx=2.21%,
control=6.7%; P=0.001), between 9 to 100 DIM (54.9% decrease; tx=4.21%,
control=9.78%; P=0.001), and overall in the early lactation periods
(1–100 DIM; 59.85% decrease; tx=6.62%, control=16.49%; P<0.001). The
cost-benefit analysis of the ADCT in combination with OrbeSeal showed
that the extra cost of the teat sealant (1600 HUF per cow; 6.27 EUR)
has been 1.5 times recovered already by the 100th day of milk
production. The decrease in loss due to clinical mastitis (taking into
account the costs of drugs and withdrawal milk only) was 2.407 HUF
(9.44 EUR) less per average cow, from 4313 HUF (16.91 EUR) to 1906
(7.47 EUR), that is why, the cost-benefit ratio was 1.5. Thus, the
treatment has yielded 807 HUF (3.16 EUR) profit per average cow.
V. Faigl – M. Keresztes –
A. Márton – Z. Schneider – L. Korvin – S. Sándor –G. D.
Novotniné – M. Árnyasi – M. Kulcsár – A.
Jávor – S. Cseh – Gy. Huszenicza:
MELATONIN
AND PHOTOPERIODIC TREATMENTS FOR THE INDUCTION OF OVARIAN CYCLICITY IN
SMALL RUMINANTS: PHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS AND PRACTICE. LITERATURE REVIEW
Seasonality of reproduction
in small ruminants is a special biological feature evolved under
evolutionary pressure, which has direct effects on production. The
authors review the role of light and melatonin in the regulation of
this seasonal pattern. They delineate physiological aspects of
seasonality, the phenomenon of melatonin receptor 1 (MT1) polymorhism,
and current knowledge about MT1 allels as possible markers of
reproductive seasonality. Eventually, they summarize achievements of
influencing reproductive activity by the use of different forms of
photoperiod and melatonin treatment.
K. Mester – T. Magyar:
ATROPHIC
RHINITIS – IS ERADICATION FEASIBLE? AN OVERVIEW ON THE DISEASE AND CASE
REPORT
Atrophic rhinitis (AR) of
swine still remained a frequent ’trouble maker’ on many large,
industrial type pig farms. The authors first give a short, practical
overview on the current knowledge of AR, then describe a field
observational study on a farrow-to-finish pig farm of 1,000 sows, where
the evolution of the disease was followed up for about 10 years from
heavy clinical symptoms until achieving AR free status.
The farm was repopulated in
1993 from a breeding herd with no clinical signs of AR, however,
infected with toxigenic Pasteurella multocida. AR became the disease of
the most significant economic impact on the farm within two years. Then
a control strategy was implemented based on the vaccination of breeding
stock accompanying with management improving steps and antimicrobial
treatments in the farrowing unit. First, a multi-component bacterin
vaccine (vaccine A) was used (Bordetella bronchiseptica, P. multocida,
Escherichia coli and erysipelas) with a fairly limited benefit
considering some decrease in the clinical signs. Therefore, in 1998,
the farm changed the vaccine to a specific AR one, containing
inactivated B. bronchiseptica suspension and a purified P. multocida
toxoid (vaccine B). Clinical symptoms disappeared and production
performance was gradually improved. According to the results of
repeated bacteriological and P. multocida toxin antibody screening
examinations in the herd, toxigenic P. multocida completely
disappeared, while B. bronchiseptica substantially decreased, although
vaccination was stopped in 2003.
Authors conclude that
eradication of AR is feasible on large farms by using a complex control
programme based on an efficacious vaccine, including a continuously
high level management practice and, if necessary, medication at the
critical young age of the piglets.
J. Gál – G.
Csécsei:
HYPOPLASY
OF TAIL MUSCLE FIBERS IN A MADAGASCARIAN DAY GECKO (PHELSUMA
MADAGASCARIENSIS KOCHI). CASE REPORT
While studying the
background of abnormal tail posture in a Madagascarian day gecko
(Phelsuma madagascariensis kochi), a well-known phenomenon to lizard
keepers, the authors found hypoplasy of the tail musculature. At the
tail base of the investigated specimen the connective tissue fibers
between the skin and the tail musculature were normally developed and
had normal structure. However, the muscle fibers of the tail were
attenuated and showed an uneven staining locally, while the fibers of
the longitudinal muscle bundles were partly broken up, with the
sarcolemma still intact. The occasional presence of adipose tissue
replacing muscle fibers was detected.
The authors suspect genetic
factors resulting from inbreeding in addition to improper feeding (food
with high energy and fat contents) to cause tail musculature hypoplasy.