Contents
page of the issue February 2007
EQUINE
Z. Bakos, J. Tóth: Abdominal
ultrasonography in the adult horse. Literature review and own
experiences. Part 1. / 67
BOVINE
A. Pécsi, J. Földi, M.
Kulcsár, T. Pécsi, Gy. Huszenicza: Complications
of bacterial origin of the involution in cattle. Literature review.
Part 2. / 77
L. Köcski, J. Mészáros:
Effect of GnRH-treatment on the pregnancy of dairy cows / 84
PORCINE
L. Szeredi: Simultaneous detection
of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and
porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) in lungs of swine died of pneumonia /
90
POULTRY
L. Szeredi, N. Pálmai, K.
Erdélyi, Z. Deim, L. Márton, R. Glávits: Detection
of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, H5N1 with
immunohistochemical method in mute swan (Cygnus olor) / 98
É. Ivanics, V. Palya, R.
Glávits, Cs. Nemes, T. Mató, Á. Dán,
Eöné Nagy, P. Zarka, A. Surányi, F. Muncz, T.
Bacsó, L. Kőrösi: Re-emergence of the chicken
anaemia virus in Hungary / 103
SMALL
ANIMALS
C. Favrot, S. Wilhelm: Viral skin
diseases of dogs and cats / 111
WILD
ANIMALS
B. Egri, B. Húsvéth:
The first time about the warble fly infection of roe-deer and red deer
in Szigetköz / 121
LETTER
TO THE EDITOR
Large bowel worm
infestation more attention in horse merits! Remarks to the article of
K. A. von Plocki: Colic diseases in horse. Review (T. Kassai) / 76
BOOK
REVIEW
F. C. Stades, W. Neumann, H. H. Boeve, B.
Spiss, M. Wymann: Practical veterinary ophthalmology. 3rd
revised and extended edition (J.
Kováts) / 127
Z. Bakos – J. Tóth:
ABDOMINAL
ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN THE ADULT HORSE. LITERATURE REVIEW AND OWN
EXPERIENCES. PART 1
The study describes the
principles and methods of equine two-dimensional abdominal
ultrasonography. Beside the review of the literature, the authors also
present their own experiences. They demonstrate the imaging technique,
physiological findings and the most important pathological alterations
using figures and ultrasonograms. In the firs part they discuss the
ultrasonography of the gastrointestinal tract.
A. Pécsi – J.
Földi – M. Kulcsár – T. Pécsi – Gy. Huszenicza:
COMPLICATIONS
OF BACTERIAL ORIGIN OF THE INVOLUTION IN CATTLE. LITERATURE REVIEW
In the 2nd part the authors
summarise the main principles of the therapy used nowadays.
L. Köcski – J.
Mészáros:
EFFECT
OF GNRH-TREATMENT ON THE PREGNANCY OF DAIRY COWS
The authors treated, in two
series of experiments, dairy cows with 50 μg of GnRH-analogue
preparation (1.0 ml Gonavet Veyx) for the purpose of increasing
progesterone production of corpus luteum (CL) and thus, increasing the
chance of pregnancy. In the first experiment GnRH was given im. on 12th
day after insemination following induced oestrus to cows with
functioning CL (n=154). Compared to control cows (n=168), pregnancy
rate was higher with 9.4% (p<0.01) in treated cows. Increase in
pregnancy rate was significant in first calving cows (17.5%, p<0.01)
and in case of first insemination after calving (14.4%, p<0.01). The
difference was significant between second inseminations and
inseminations within 200 days following calving.
In the second series of
experiments 490 dairy cows of four dairies were treated im. with
GnRH-analogue preparation on the 4th (5th) day following insemination
for helping marked progesterone increase and faster embryo development.
Compared to 492 control cows, in three dairies minimal difference was
found in favour of treated animals.
The authors recommend in
long-term the treatment around 12th day, easily built in reproductive
technology, in dairies where oestrus and/or ovulation synchronisation
is made regularly (by prosynch, ovsynch, etc. methods).
L. Szeredi:
SIMULTANEOUS
DETECTION OF PORCINE REPRODUCTIVE AND RESPIRATORY SYNDROME VIRUS
(PRRSV) AND PORCINE CIRCOVIRUS TYPE 2 (PCV-2) IN LUNGS OF SWINE DIED OF
PNEUMONIA
Porcine reproductive and
respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and porcine circovirus type 2
(PCV-2) were detected simultaneously with immunohistological (IH)
examination in lungs of 5 growing pigs died of pneumonia, came from a
large farm. Histological lesions characteristic for PCV-2 infection
(occurrence of multinucleated giant cells) was observed only in 2
cases. Histological lesions correspond to secondary bacterial infection
was always evident together with viral interstitial pneumonia.
Pathogenic bacteria were isolated in three cases from the lungs
(Pasteurella multocida two cases, Streptococcus spp. in one case). In
two cases PCV-2 could be not observed in all five tissues samples of
cranial part of the lungs, which were investigated in each animal, and
in most of the cases the amount of virus-antigen showed great variance
in the different tissue samples of the same animal. PRRSV was
demonstrated in each tissue samples, and mostly in large amount with
IH. PCV-2 and PRRSV were evident consistently in different cells, and
simultaneous occurrence of the two viruses in the same cell was never
observed using the double IH method. This is the first report about the
detection of PRRSV with IH in Hungary, and it is also the first time of
the demonstration of simultaneous occurrence of PRRSV and PCV-2 in
lungs of swine died due to pneumonia in this country.
L. Szeredi – N.
Pálmai – K. Erdélyi – Z. Deim – L. Márton – R.
Glávits:
DETECTION
OF HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUS, H5N1 WITH
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL METHOD IN MUTE SWAN (CYGNUS OLOR)
The presence of the highly
pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus was examined with an
immunohistochemical (IH) method in different organs of a mute swan
(Cygnos olor) that died of the infection. The virus was detected in
formaline-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue samples of the brain,
pancreas, liver, spleen, lung and small intestine, and mostly in the
nucleus of different cell types by murine monoclonal antibodies
specific for the nucleoprotein of type A influenza virus. The virus
could be found in large amounts primarily in the brain. To the authors
knowledge, avian influenza virus was demonstrated for the first time in
the mute swan by immunohistochemistry.
É. Ivanics – V.
Palya – R. Glávits – Cs. Nemes – T. Mató – Á.
Dán – Eörné Nagy – P. Zarka – A. Surányi – F.
Muncz – T. Bacsó – L. Kőrösi:
RE-EMERGENCE
OF THE CHICKEN ANAEMIA VIRUS IN HUNGARY
After the outbreaks in
1970’s and 80’s the authors report the first re-emergence of chicken
anaemia virus infection in several flocks during December 2005 and the
beginning of 2006.
Deaths occurred between the
age of 10–20 days, with a peak at the age of 14–17 days. Daily
mortality rates were 1–1.5% with a 6–9% cumulative mortality during
outbreaks.
Macroscopic and
histological lesions comprised anaemia, stunted growth, yellowish
discolouration of red bone marrow (with decreased numbers of erythroid,
myeloid and thrombocyte precursor cells) and the general atrophy and
lymphoid depletion of lymphatic organs (bursa of Fabricius, thymus and
spleen). Inflammatory skin lesions on the head, wings and legs, caused
by secondary bacterial infections (primarily by Clostridia and
Staphylococci) were detected in all cases. Bacterial and fungal
infections were also frequent in joints and other internal organs.
Secondary infections were the major cause of the losses.
Diagnosis of the disease
was based on the complex evaluation of clinical signs, macroscopic and
microscopic lesions, demonstration of the presence of the causative
circovirus and classification of secondary infections.
Serological tests confirmed
that the affected day old chicks originated from initially
sero-negative flock, which acquired the infection during the egg laying
period.
B. Egri – B.
Húsvéth:
THE
FIRST TIME ABOUT THE WARBLE FLY INFECTION OF ROE-DEER AND RED DEER IN
SZIGETKÖZ INFESTATION
The authors review the
biology of the warble flies (Hypoderma diana and H. actaeon), analyse
the warble fly-larvae infestations of 32 roe-deer and 51 red deer shot
in huntings in Szigetköz Region of North-West Hungary in the
summer, fall and winter of 2005–2006. Hypoderma larvae were found to
occur in 74.5% of red deer and 84.37% of roe deer. As a result of
identification of a total of 2601 larvae, the incidence of 2 species
was established. The 1811 larvae of H. diana were found to occur in
84.3% of roe deer and 46.08% of red deer, while 790 larvae of H.
actaeon showed 53.92% incidence in red deer.