Contents page of the issue July 2006




SMALL ANIMALS
A. Arany-Tóth, P. Csébi, T. Németh: Gastric motility in dogs – disorders and diagnostic methods / 387
É. Balogh: Oral antidiabetics in the treatment of diabetes mellitus in dogs and cats. Literature review / 395
R. Hammerling: Hyperthyreosis in cats / 402

EQUINE
C. P. Bartmann, C. Baums, D. Jobst, J. Verspohl, G. Amtsberg, E. Degeen: Prevention of typhlocolitis in horses / 408

PORCINE
M. Ritzmann, M. Majzoub, W. Hermanns, K. Heinritzi, U. Truyen: Clinical, haematological and clinico-chemical picture of porcine dermatitis-nephropathia-syndrome / 411

POULTRY
S. Bernáth, A. Farsang, A. Kovács, E. Nagy, M. Dobos-Kovács: Pathological changes in goose embryos, caused by goose haemorrhagic polyomavirus. Secondary communication / 415

PHARMACOLOGY
Á. Jerzsele, G. Semjén: Use of amoxicillin–clavulanic acid combination in the veterinary medicine. Literature review / 419

ZOONOSES
P. Tóth, E. Schranz, J. Demeter: Significance of asplenic state in the development of zoonotic infections / 427

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
L. Várnagy: Pesticide registration and risk assessment in Hungary / 433

ANDROLOGY
A. Horváth, J. Vásárhelyi, O. Szenci: The motility of spermatozoas. Literature review. Part 2. The development of sperm motility analysing systems / 437

IN MEMORIAM
István Mészáros (1910–2006) (F. Flink, L. Solti) / 433

ACADEMIC REPORTS, 2006
Veterinary research in 2005 in the light of academic reports. Part 2 / 444

A. Arany-Tóth – P. Csébi – T. Németh:
GASTRIC MOTILITY IN DOGS – DISORDERS AND DIAGNOSTIC METHODS

Delayed gastric emptying is a fairly common problem in dogs caused by numerous different background disorders. The etiology of the delayed gastric emptiyng can be divided into two groups: funcional (gastric atony) and mechanical (pyloric stenosis). The symptoms of these diseases are not specific, therefore the use of other laboratory or diagnostic imaging methods is often essential. Contrast radiography is the most common method in veterinary clinical practice. Radioscintigraphy is rated the most reliable method in the present. The use of other diagnostic methods (ultrasonography, breath-tests, plasma-tests) will be, probably more frequent in the future. Selection of the method basicly depends on the goal of the study and the available opportunities.
 
É. Balogh:
ORAL ANTIDIABETICS IN THE TREATMENT OF DIABETES MELLITUS IN DOGS AND CATS. LITERATURE REVIEW

Diabetes mellitus is a frequently occuring metabolic disorder in dogs and cats. For the treatment in veterinary practice, insulin is used basicly, while numerous oral antidiabetic drugs are used in human medicine. This article reviews the oral antidiabetics, first of all α-glucosidase inhibitors, insulin sensitisers and insulin secretisers, focusing on veterinarian aspects.

Á. Jerzsele – G. Semjén:
USE OF AMOXICILLIN–CLAVULANIC ACID COMBINATION IN THE VETERINARY MEDICINE. LITERATURE REVIEW

On account of its broad antimicrobial activity, bactericidal effect and large therapeutic index, the amoxicillin–clavulanic acid combination is one of the most frequently used drugs in the veterinary practice. Based on the literary data, the goal of this article is to summarize the most important informations about this very effective and safe drug, including the antibacterial spectrum, the types and frequency of the bacterial resistance, the comparative pharmacokinetics in the different animal species, the therapeutical usage of the drug, and the adverse effects.

P. Tóth – E. Schranz – J. Demeter:
SIGNIFICANCE OF ASPLENIC STATE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ZOONOTIC INFECTIONS

The authors call the attention to three pathogenic agents occurring in Hungary and capable of causing zoonotic infections, that might result in severe, potententially lethal infections in asplenic human patients. Two of these pathogens belong to the Babesia genus, Babesia divergens is a bovine pathogen, while Babesia microti infects mainly rodents. Both Babesia species cause human infection by tickbite. Babesias cause haemolysis and secondary hepatic, as well as renal dysfunction in humans. Capnocytophaga canimorsus occurs normaly in the oral cavity of dogs and cats. Humans usually become infected from the pets by biting. This bacterium species can cause septicaemia following local wound infection, as well as endocarditis and meningitis. Both babesiosis, as well as C. canimorsus infection are curable by using appropriate antibiotic treatment, but they can be lethal in asplenic patients. The main means of prevention is appropriate information given by vets and by human doctors to animal keepers.

L. Várnagy:
PESTICIDE REGISTRATION AND RISK ASSESSEMENT IN HUNGARY

The author presents the main legal steps of the regulation of pesticide registration in Hungary in the past seven decades. The article contains the registration practice applied in EU, which means also the revision of the active ingredients till 2008-2010. According to the Directive 91/414 EEC, the risk assessement should be performed in every case. This work means the determination of human health (e. g. ADI, ARfD, MRL, AOEL, MAC) and ecotoxicological values (e. g. TER, ETE, PEC, PNEC), furthermore the studying of the fate and behaviour of the active ingredient (e. g. distribution in soil, in surface and ground water, in sediment, in air).

A. Horváth – J. Vásárhelyi – O. Szenci:
THE MOTILITY OF THE SPERMATOZOAS. LITERATURE REVIEW PART 2. THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPERM MOTILITY ANALYSING SYSTEMS

The review article discusses the development of motility analysing methods used for sperm motility assessment such as lightmicroscopy, multiple exposure photography, videomicrography, spectrophotometer and computer assissted sperm analyser (CASA).