Contents page of the issue March 2006




PET ANIMALS

Z. Szabó, A. Beregi, P. Vajdovich, T. Gaál: Laboratory blood test of birds. Literature review. 1. Haematology / 131

SMALL ANIMALS
Cs. Jakab, Á. Bánky, K. Kincses, Gy. Balka, Z. Demeter: Histopathology and frequency of canine skin tumours / 140

RABBIT
K. Fodor, M. Kulcsár, E. Andrásofszky, R. Glávits, L. Zöldág, S. Fekete: Effect of body composition, genotype, GnRH- and hCG-treatment on the sexual maturity of rabbits / 150

POULTRY
R. Glávits, E. Ferenczi, É. Ivanics, T. Bakonyi, T. Mató, P. Zarka, V. Palya: Concurrent occurrence of West-Nile fever and circovirus infection in a Hungarian goose flock. Secondary communication / 160

ZOONOSES
S. Tuboly: Role of laboratory animals in the transmission of zoonoses / 167
W. Beck: Human pathogenic ectoparasites and dermatophytes living on animals, causing epizoonosis l 175

LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICS
B. Gyetvai: Comparison of the effectiveness of methods used for the detection of antibiotic content of milk / 182

LETTER TO THE EDITOR
Data to the ethiology of “infectious” nephritis of young chickens (M. Mézes, L. Kőrösi) / 186

EVENTS
16th Congress of the Hungarian Buiatric Society (Balatonfüred, 5-8. October 2005) (L. Visnyei) / 189
12th Reproduction Biology Meeting (Hajdúszoboszló, 4-5. November 2005) (L. Visnyei) / 190

BOOK REVIEW
T Kégl: When the elephant has an ulcer on his pad (T. Kassai) / 190

Z. Szabó – A. Beregi – P. Vajdovich – T. Gaál:
LABORATORY BLOOD TEST OF BIRDS. LITERATURE REVIEW. 1. HAEMATOLOGY

The aim of the review in two parts is to present the newer knowledge on the haematological and blood biochemical tests of birds. In the first part the authors summarize the blood taking sites in birds, morphology and pathological changes of red and white blood cells and platelets, and the importance of the changes of Ht value. They describe the main methods used for the detection of white blood cell count and present the diagnostic importance of quantitative changes in the heterophilic, eosinophilic and basophilic granulocytes and lymphocytes, monocytes and platelets.

Cs. Jakab – Á. Bánky – K. Kincses – Gy. Balka – Z. Demeter:
HISTOPATHOLOGY AND FREQUENCY OF CANINE SKIN TUMOURS

In this study, the authors analysed canine skin tumour samples received at the Department of Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine from the Faculty of Veterinary Science of the Szent István University, between 1st of January 1998 and June 2005. They categorized the samples from the aspect of breed, gender, age and anatomical region. During the histopathological examination of these 2669 samples, the most frequently diagnosed tumour proved to be the squamous cell carcinoma, followed in order by the hepatoid cell adenoma, cutaneous mastocytoma, melanoma, histiocytoma, fibrosarcoma, trichoblastoma, lipoma, fibroma, the epidermoid cyst, sebaceous gland carcinoma and sebaceous gland adenoma (Table). The authors compared the results of the study with the statistical results of foreign studies.

K. Fodor – M. Kulcsár – E. Andrásofszky – R. Glávits – L. Zöldág – S. Fekete:
EFFECT OF BODY COMPOSITION, GENOTYPE, GNRH- AND hCG-TREATMENT ON THE SEXUAL MATURITY OF RABBITS

In rabbits the stimulation of the sexual maturity, the earlier breeding date is the same kind of economical interest than the utilization of the better nutrient digestibility occurring in the case of a restricted feeding regime. At the same time, we also have to consider that nowadays the hormonal interventions are widespread in the rabbit breeding, and these methods may modify the breeding age and the occurrence of the pregnancy as a function of the genotype, stage of development and keeping circumstances of the animals. In their study the authors followed the development of the sexual maturity in rabbits of two different genotypes (New Zealand White, early sexual maturity, n=46, and Hungarian Giant, late sexual maturity, n=48), applying two different feeding regimes (ad libitum and 30% restriction) and using two types of hormonal treatments (GnRH and hCG). Considering all these factors, they examined the development of the sexual maturity in relation to the raising intensity, the body composition and the applied hormonal treatments. They established that the 70% restricted feeding regime is not suitable to raise breeding rabbits, independently from the breed and sex. In the case of does the decreased reproductive performance is due to the decreased fat content of the body, and in the case of bucks the background is the stress because of the restricted feeding, and in consequence the considerable decrease of the libido. In sexually mature does the probability of the pregnancy is higher applying hCG treatment, due to the increased inclination for mating than in the case of GnHR treatment, despite of the more expressed ovulation inducing effect of this treatment.

S. Tuboly:
ROLE OF LABORATORY ANIMALS IN THE TRANSMISSION OF ZOONOSES

Laboratory and experimental animals can be infected by many pathogenic agents, of which man is susceptible.
Sometimes infection can be symptomless in the animals (e.g. monkey B virus, Lassa-virus infection) but most of the diseases show cyclic course, during which the agents are spread into the environment through different excreta and man cab be indirectly infected. On this basis, most of the diseases can be classified as orthozoonosis, when the infectious agent get into humans’ body through oral, dermal or aerogenic ways (Hanta- Pox-, lymphocytic choriomeningitis, Lassa, Hepatitis A virus, Chlamydiophila psittaci, Salmonella etc.). Other agents (bunyaviruses, rickettsias) are transmitted through vectors (cyclozoonoses), and there are diseases where the agents get into the organism through the lesions of the skin (e.g. Francisella tularensis).
Laboratory zoonoses manifest usually in the same or similar clinical signs in animals and humans (e.g. monkey pox, encephalomyocarditis, hepatitis A) but there are such that cause different signs (e.g. chlamydiosis). Certain microorganisms may cause different clinical forms according to geographical region (hemorrhagic fever, endemic nephropathy, pulmonary syndrome).
Conditions of the prevention of zoonoses transmitted by laboratory animals are the knowledge about the characteristics of the agents, early detection of clinical signs and keeping the rules relating to work health and to biosafety of laboratories.

B. Gyetvai:
COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF METHODS USED FOR THE DETECTION OF ANTIBIOTIC CONTENT OF MILK

It is more and more important for professionals to find out the methods, by which laboratorial examinations can be carried out quickly, simply, easily as well as cheaply, while the required reliability is also assured. These goals are set in the case of detecting the presence of certain antibacterial inhibitors (such as antibiotics). Examinations of the parameters considered highly dangerous to human health (e.g. monitoring plans) play a very important role in the countries, where the health state of the society is considered important. The author presents a method (BRT) developed for detecting antibacterial inhibitors in (row) milk, compared to another one (Delvotest), which has been commonly used in Hungary. According to the results, there was no significant difference between the methods in respect of the antibiotics (penicillin G, neomycin) used in this study. Moreover in respect of the other four antibiotics (tetracyclin, cloxacillin, ampicillin, streptomycin) also used in this experiment, BRT seems to be more sensitive than Delvotest.