Contents
page of the issue January 2005
HORSE
D.
Horváth, A. Horváth, O. Kutasi, Z. Bakos, O. Szenci: Practical
aspects of the
immunoglobulin supply state in newborn foals. Literature review / 3
PORCINE
L.
Stipkovits, B.
Kadra, T. Süveges, J. Bíró, J. Schmidt: Comparative evaluation of
experimental
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccines / 13
POULTRY
R.
Glávits, É.
Ivanics, V. Palya, A. Zolnai, Eöné Nagy, P. Zarka, T.
Mató, K. Ursu: Newer diagnostic and
experimental
experiences about diseases caused by parvo-, circo-, reo- and
polyomavirus in
young geese / 21
SMALL ANIMALS
G. Heigl: Urinary examination:
method and evaluation of results / 29
PET
ANIMALS
A.
Beregi, V. Molnár,
J. Gál, E. Sós, T. Sátorhelyi: Reptiles’ zoonoses / 37
Additions – Remarks (L.
Visnyei) / 42
TOXICOLOGY
J. Lehel, J. Vetter: Poisonings
of plant origin.
1. Indoor and garden plants. Literature review / 43
VETERINARY HISTORY
M.
J. Mészáros: Newer veterinary historical
numismatic relics until 2003 / 51
EVENTS
National Veterinary
Day (Budapest, 17 November 2004) / 60
Conference of the World Association of Hungarian Veterinarians
(Budapest – Üllő, 19–20 November 2004) (I. Mohai) / 63
BOOK REVIEW
A. S. Yin, I. Nolte: Guidelines for dog and cat praxis (K.
Vörös) / 12
J. P. Morgan, P
Wolvekamp: Atlas of
radiology of traumatized dog and cat (A. Arany-Tóth) / 35
L. Zöldág: Hereditary diseases of domestic
animals (A. Kovács) / 36
IN
MEMORIAM
István Zimmermann
(1943–2004)
(L. Visnyei) / 64
D. Horváth – A. Horváth
–
O. Kutasi – Z. Bakos – O. Szenci:
PRACTICAL ASPECTS
OF THE IMMUNOGLOBULIN SUPPLY STATE IN NEWBORN FOALS. LITERATURE REVIEW
Newborn
foals at birth are practically agammaglobulinaemic and depend on the
maternal
immunity originating from the colostral immunoglobulins (IG) at the
first hours
of life. Maximum absorption occurs within 8 hours after foaling. It is
ideal,
if the foal suckles at least half of the 2 litres of colostrum until
this time.
In order to decrease the occurrence of hypogammaglobulinaemic cases, it
is
worth measuring the serum concentration of the IgG with rapidly
obtainable,
semi quantitative, easy performable ELISA tests (SNAP, CITE) around 8
to 12
hours of life. The radial immunodiffusion, the zinc-sulphate turbidity,
the
latex agglutination or the quantitative IgG test can also be used.
Colostrum
with at least 3000 mg/dl IgG concentration and 1,06 g/dl specific
gravity is
recommended to use. By this way 800 mg/dl serum IgG concentration can
be
obtained. If the IgG concentration between 8–12 hours after birth is
lower than
expected, high quality colostrum can be used orally. After 24 hours of
life
hyperimmune plasma or lyophilized equine IgG can only be administrated
by
intravenously in order to increase the serum IgG concentration. In
order to
prevent newborn foal losses, it is very important to measure the IgG
levels
between 8–12 hours of life and supplement the missing amounts of
immunoglobulins
in time. Different types of passive transfer failures are also
discussed.
L. Stipkovits – B. Kadra
– T. Süveges – J. Bíró – J. Schmidt:
COMPARATIVE
EVALUATION OF EXPERIMENTAL MYCOPLASMA HYOPNEUMONIAE VACCINES
From two Mycoplasma
hyopneumoniae strains inactivated by two different methods and
using two
different adjuvants there were 8 experimental vaccines were prepared.
The
experimental vaccines contained equal quantity of antigen.
Three-weeks-old M.
hyopneumoniae free piglets were immunized with these eight
experimental
vaccines and further 3 commercial vaccines used as controls. Based on
clinical,
bacteriological, serological and histopathological examinations, it was
documented that the piglets were protected by all experimental and
commercial vaccines
against M. hyopneumoniae challenge.
R.
Glávits – É. Ivanics – V. Palya – A. Zolnai –
Eöné Nagy – P. Zarka – T. Mató –
K. Ursu:
NEWER
DIAGNOSTIC AND EXPERIMENTAL EXPERIENCES ABOUT
DISEASES CAUSED BY PARVO-, CIRCO-, REO- AND POLYOMAVIRUS IN YOUNG GEESE
The authors review their
diagnostic and experimental experiences obtained in 2003 about diseases
caused
by parvo-, circo-, reo- and polyomavirus in young geese.
During that period they
diagnosed the most frequently the typical form and the form mainly with
enteric
signs and changes of Derzsy disease. Frequency of occurrence of
diseases caused
by circo-, reo- and polyomavirus increased, compared to previous years.
From epidemiological and
diagnostic point of view they found significant those frequent cases
significant when Derzsy disease occurred later (at the age of 6–8
weeks) in
immuno-suppressed goose flocks infected by circovirus. In the organs of
infected animals pathological and histopathological changes typical to
Derzsy
disease and parvovirus were detectable.
In goose flocks infected
by circovirus co-infections with other pathogens (viruses, bacteria,
fungi)
were more frequent and the losses caused by them were more severe than
in
flocks having adequate general resistance.
By experimental challenge
it was proven that due to a circovirus infection at the age of 2 weeks,
at the
age of 6 weeks severe lymphocyte depletion, vaculoic degeneration and
cytoplasmatic inclusion bodies developed in the lymphoid organs,
especially in
bursa Fabricii. In the inclusion bodies virus particles of 12–14 nm,
organised
in paracrystals were detectable by electron microscope. At the age of
7–8 weeks
follicle atrophy and fibrosis were observable in the damaged bursa,
which
explains immuno-suppression state.
During experimental
challenge of day-old and 3 weeks old geese and mulard ducks with
parvovirus
strains of different (goose and duck) origin it was proven that
parvovirus of
mulard duck origin does not cause disease in goose, but virus strains
of both
species origin (the strain causing Derzsy disease in goose and strain
of duck
origin) may cause disease in mulard duck. It was also demonstrated that
degenerative and inflammatory changes of the musculatory and nervous
system
caused by strain of duck origin are in the background of severe motor
disorders
and paralysis.
In the liver and spleen
of day-old goslings challenged experimentally with reovirus,
inflammatory-necrotic foci were detectable from the 4th day
following infection (in connection with viraemia) and motor disorder,
lameness,
and inflammation of the joint and sheaths developed by the 2nd
week
after the infection.
It was frequently found
in the practice that in flock infected by polyomavirus deaths occurred
continuously during the 6-8th weeks or after a break of some
weeks a
newer wave of deaths occurred. In experimentally challenged day-old or
10–day-old animals 7–8 weeks elapsed between serological response and
infection, which explains long lasting deaths observed in the practice.
A. Beregi – V. Molnár – J. Gál – E. Sós – T. Sátorhelyi:
REPTILES’
ZOONOSES
The demand for the full scale veterinary
medical care of the reptile
patients, parallel with the rapid rise of the number of pet reptiles,
markedly
increased. There are several reptiles’ diseases which can be
transmitted to
humans. Exotic reptile species originating directly from the wild can
infect
humans with a variety of “new” dangerous
diseases. The present article summarises the reptiles’ diseases which
could be
transmitted from reptiles to humans and which could present a potential
hazard.
J. Lehel
– J. Vetter:
POISONINGS
OF PLANT ORIGIN. 1. INDOOR PLANTS AND GARDEN PLANTS. LITERATUTE REVIEW
The
review article writes about the toxicoses of indoor plant and garden
plant
origin – Amaryllis, Cyclamen, Bluebonnet, Four-o’clock, Gloriosa lily,
Foxglove, Hydrangea, Hellebore, Hyacinth, Calla lily, Blue star,
Lilies, Iris,
Autumn crocus, Bird-of-paradise flower, Foxtail, Mother-in-law’s
tongue,
Larkspur, Anemone, Bleedingheart, Coontie –, and summarizes the source,
toxic
components and the clinical signs and possible treatment
principles.