Contents page of the issue December 2004

ANIMAL BREEDING
G. Udovecz: Hungarian animal breeding situation and chances of development / 715
E. Brydl: Necessity and professional opportunities of the development of cattle-breeding / 722
P. Rafai, M. Baltay, L. Zádori, Gy. Slezák: Biological and ecological aspects of improving the Hungarian pig production / 732
About Hungarian animal breeding – concluding word with demand of future (F. Kovács) / 741

SMALL ANIMALS
Cs. Jakab, R. B. Kovács, Gy. Szabó, K. Pápa, Gy. Balka, P. Csébi: Plexus chorioideus papilloma of the fourth ventricle in an eight-year old Tibetan mastiff dog. Clinicopathological case report / 743
A. Koert, C. Stockhaus, K.-H. Eulenberger: Acute hepatic failure in Schnauzer caused by toxoplasmosis / 750

TOXICOLOGY
L. Várnagy, P. Budai, S. Fejes, M. Keserû, R. Szabó, É. Juhász: Degredation dynamic and toxicity of certain pesticide active ingredients in bird embryos / 755

FOOD HYGIENE
M. Canigová, A. Hegedusová, V. Ducková: Testing the effect of sanitary detergents on psychrotrophic bacteria isolated from milk / 761

ACADEMIC REPORTS
Veterinary research in 2003 in the light of academic reports. Part 3 / 765

LETTER TO THE EDITOR
Points of interest from the history of meat consumption (I. Százados) / 749
Lecture notes on ophthalmology by Ferenc Hutÿra (G. Jantsits) / 774

EVENTS
Centenary Kómár-memorial day (Aszód, 3 September, 2004) / 760

JUBILEE
Antal Széky, formerly head of department of Hungarian Veterinary Institute was born 100 years ago (I. Kótai) / 772
Professor Franz Bürki is 80 years old / 773

ALMA MATER
Statement about the draft of act on higher education (L. Fodor) / 776

BOOK REVIEW
P. Rafai: Animal hygiene (L. Visnyei) / 721

IN MEMORIAM
Ernõ Balogh (1946–2004) (J. Menyhárt) / 775
László Fodor (1918–2004) (E. Korzenszky) / 775
Tibor Geng (1952–2003) (J. Menyhárt) / 775
Béla Gregor (1941–2004) (J. Menyhárt) / 775

G. Udovecz:
HUNGARIAN ANIMAL BREEDING SITUATION AND CHANCES OF DEVELOPMENT

The author points out that we could not properly take advantage of our agricultural capabilities (Hungarian working gross income does not reach the third of the average of 15 EU countries) and analyse its reasons. Balance between plant cultivation and animal breeding was thrown off: difference in the production costs of corns according to cultivating site is high, which affects production costs of animal breeding. Level of breeding work is not proper (feed conversion is bad, reproductive parameters are weak), keeping technology is out-of-date. These enforce changes. It is favourable that there are fields e.g. beef-production, sheep farming, where rentability will probably improve and it is sure that market conditions will be more calculable. Planning and organisation is the task of entrepreneurs to which national programs give also professional and financial aids.

E. Brydl:
NECESSITY AND PROFESSIONAL PPORTUNITIES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF CATTLE-BREEDING

The author analyses data of the number of cows, causes of losses and milk production, forms of metabolic disorders and the frequency of their occurrence and changes in the calving interval. Comparing to data of 23 countries, he states that Hungarian milk production holdings are competitive also at world level. He also emphasises the points where management should act in order to increase profitability. Professional measures should be taken within the framework of the so-called herd-held production-orienting program, the main of which are feeding, keeping-technology, udder-health, reproductive biology, prevention of leg-diseases and eradication of infectious diseases.

P. Rafai – M. Baltay – L. Zádori – Gy. Slezák:
BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF IMPROVING THE HUNGARIAN PIG PRODUCTION

The authors sum up the factors influencing the competitiveness of slaughter pig production. They analyse the results and chances of breeding-improvement and tasks of breeding-organisation. They suggest the urgent reconstruction of holdings of out-of-date keeping-technology and introduction of small-scale family holding of 100-200 sows with technological innovations. Instead of promoters containing antibiotics, they expect effects from nutraceutics on the increase in production. Instead of controlling only the final products, they propose the introduction of new food-safety systems. They call attention to the necessity of neutralising the impact of harmful material on the environment, parallel with the increase in pig meat production.

Cs. Jakab – R. B. Kovács – Gy. Szabó – K. Pápa – Gy. Balka – P. Csébi:
PLEXUS CHORIOIDEUS PAPILLOMA OF THE FOURTH VENTRICLE IN AN EIGHT-YEAR-OLD TIBETAN MASTIFF DOG. CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL CASE REPORT

The authors describe the clinicopathological consequences of a plexus chorioideus papilloma in an eight-year-old, castrated Tibetan mastiff dog. The tumor arised from the blood vessels of the fourth ventricle. The clinical signs, head tilting to the left, vestibular ataxia, dullness were progrediating for 1.5 month. Because of long lasting anorexia the animal became cachectic.
During the CT examination a well circumscribed, contrast enhancing mass was seen on the right side of the medulla oblongata. Moderate hydrocephalus was also visible.
For the pathological evaluation of the changes after the euthanesia haematoxilin-eosin staining and immunhistochemical analysis (KI-67, p53) was used.

L. Várnagy – P. Budai – S. Fejes – M. Keserû – R. Szabó – É. Juhász:
DEGREDATION DYNAMIC AND TOXICITY OF CERTAIN PESTICIDE ACTIVE INGREDIENTS IN BIRD EMBRYOS

Hen (Gallus domesticus) and pheasant (Phasianus colchicus mongolicus et Phasianus colchicus torquatus) eggs were treated with different pesticides at a concentration in practical use on day 12 of hatching period. The formulations were injected into the air-chamber or the eggs were immersed into the emulsions or suspensions of pesticides for 30 minutes. After the treatments the eggs embryos were sampled for determination of active ingredients and for necropsy and histological evaluations. The degradation of pesticide active ingredients was generally quick in the embryos, but Flubalex (20% benefin) was slightly persistent. Benefin was measured nearly in the same concentration in the chicken embryo on day 19 of the incubation independently of the mode of treatment. Morphological data obtained after both treatments proved that Sumithion 50 EC (phenytrotione), and in decreasing order, Flubalex (benefin), BI 58 EC (dimetoate), Dual Gold 960 EC (metolachor) and finally Dikamin D are the most dangerous (2,4-D-amine-Na). The ecotoxicological judgement of Nevifosz 50 EC (phosmetilan) and Kulfugo 25 FW (carbendasime) was favourable on pheasant embryos in the injection treatment examinations.

M. Canigová – A. Hegedusová – V. Ducková:
TESTING THE EFFECT OF SANITARY DETERGENTS ON PSYCHROTROPHIC BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM MILK

Effectiveness of alkaline and acidic detergents on psychrotrophic bacteria was tested in a concentration of 0.75% at a temperature of 40 0C and 60 0C for 10 minutes; without impurities, or the concentration of impurities was 0.3–2.5 g/100 ml. The solutions of detergents were effective against all tested microorganisms at a temperature of 60 0C even in an environment with organic impurities.
Decreasing the temperature of solutions (without impurities) to 40 0C resulted in decreasing the microbiocidal effect of acid detergent. The effect of solutions of both of the tested detergents at this temperature decreased with the increasing concentration of organic impurities.
All tested psychrotrophic bacteria survived the application of solution with an organic impurities concentration of 1.5 g/100 ml (alkaline solution) or 1.2 g/100 ml (acidic solution).